Russian art famous russian artists in current of many time tired of the academic monopoly in the fine arts, aspired to independence of creative work. To 1863 14 graduates of artists led by I.Kramskoy has refused to write a degree picture on the offered mythological theme the Feast in Valgal and have demanded to choose a plot of a picture, on what has been given categorically up by it, then many masters have in a pointed manner left academy. The decision was such: that it was necessary to form independent artists association as the communes, independent of the academic monopoly the union of Russian artists. It has existed not long and has broken up in 7 years, the truth by this time in 1970 new movement company of mobile art exhibitions and their movement on cities of Russia has arisen, this independent artists association, which creativity pull together their unity ideological positions, aversions of academism with its decorative landscapes, sham theatricality and various mythology. Russian artists company of mobile art exhibitions aspired to show in the works the ideological party of the fine arts which was appreciated on many above, than, aesthetic, set before itself a problem of wide propagation of the fine arts which purpose was socially-aesthetic education of the broad masses, democratic art pulling together with a life. To open in the pictures a true alive life humiliated the peasantry, landowners suffering from authority and richmen, it was the primary goal. Many pictures genre famous paintings of 19th century russian artists are written from a nature, other works were written under imagination from a real life. Company of mobile art exhibitions with huge persuasiveness have shown existence of new creative movement at the first opened exhibition, gradually developing with 60th years. At this exhibition was pictures of many Russian artists 19th all popular genres are shown: a portrait, landscape and historical genre. In total 47 exhibits which have been exposed have turned the academic representations about painting, it was the first step of success company of mobile art exhibitions shown the pictures in other measurement. By this time in academy there were some changes. As former installations gradually departed in the past. During I.I.thick's that time vice-president of academy having understood all conditions of an event, has softened the old requirements and even gradually began to approach with mobile art exhibitions, offering them teaching in academy. Among invited there were such artists as Shishkin and Kuindgy as landscape painting in an independent genre started to grow and by 90 years has strongly strengthened the position. Certainly it is not necessary to forget and about a positive role of an academy of arts as educational institution for artists. Its which well-known graduates the teacher favourite by them Items P. Chistyakov trained.
Many pictures of famous paintings of russian artists were bought by known patron of art Tretjakov Paul Mihajlovich (1832-1898) Tretjakov collecting of pictures has borrowed with 1856 г, later this assembly of pictures has reached a level of a museum collection to 90 Itself Tretjakov quiveringly concerned to painting art russian famous artists, respected with hard work of artists, almost all condition has been enclosed in pictures famous paintings of russian artists. In a consequence all collection of pictures has carried over Moscow. Now it is world renowned Tretjakov gallery where are presented Russian painting, the schedule and other masterpieces.
List of old masters :
Kramskoy Ivan Nikolaevich (1837 - 1887) the well known painter, one of the main reformers in the art independent artists association, known for the antiacademic activity, propagandizing in favour of free development of young artists. Without Крамского it is impossible to present all those undertakings of art culture with its newest transformations, opened to broad masses the truth of a life in art. Ivan Kramskoj the remarkable master of a portrait genre, to it written a number of the well-known portraits: Portrait Unknown Woman L.N.Tolstoy, E.Saltykova's M. - Schedrin, Sofia Nikolaevny Kramskoj, Nekrasov's portrait, etc. Its well-known picture The Christ in the desert has caused a storm of emotions and long not ceased polemic. In this picture Kramskoj wished to show a drama situation of a moral choice in which there is no deviation from the chosen way.
Perov Vasily Grigorevich (1834-1882) Pictures of a brush of Perov are got by original tragic element: Old men-parents on a tomb of the son, Troika. Its well-known pictures hunters at rest, Tea drinking in Mytischi, Arrival stanovoy on consequence, Last tavern at outpost. Many early works of the master are got by critical, accusatory perception, representing picturesque caricatures in which the clergy is involved also. Fine portraits of contemporaries of well-known writers Turgenev, Dostoevsky and Ostrovsky. The Russian artist Perov as who another has opened in the works spirit of moral substance and freedom of a creative choice.
Savrasov Alexey Kondratevich (1830-1897) Master of a lyrical Russian landscape, its well-known picture Rooks have arrived, having managed to open in this picture all thin beauty of the Russian landscape inspired by extraordinary lyricism that has turned any representations at contemporaries about the native Russian nature. Its other pictures not less popular painting Spring day, Wood road, At a gate of a monastery, . After Savrasov the Lyrical landscape has typed peak of popularity and at other artists. I.Levitan spoke about its talent so: Savrasov tried to find and in the most simple and ordinary those intimate. Deeply touching, often sad features which so are strongly felt in our native landscape and so irresistably act on soul. With Savrasov there was a lyrics in painting a landscape and boundless love to the native ground.
Nikolay Ge 1831-1894 One of heads and organizers of Company independent artists association, torn the creativity with monopoly of academism. Ge привержинец domestic history, its picture: Peter I interrogates tsarevitch Alexey in Peterhof, has brought to it ощутимый success and popularity of contemporaries. Its some works were not so successful: Ekaterina II at Elizabeth, A.Pushkin's coffin in village Mihajlovskoe. Ge's with many works often was not happy, not from them it finished all up to the end, Mercy it has simply destroyed a picture, hardly experiencing the failures. The glory to it was brought with a picture: the Output from the Last Supper which became one of the best products, excited with the expressiveness of contemporaries. Such pictures how That there is a true?, the Christ and Пилат have criticized clergy, for what has been removed from an exhibition. Works Court sinedriona. " It is accused death!, the crucifixion, is simple not were supposed to exhibitions and were forbidden to demonstration.
Victor Vasnetsov 1848-1926 the Master - the painter, the portraitist and the landscape writer, the theatrical artist. In structure of artists association since 1878. One of the first remarkable Russian artists, whose creativity it has been turned to Russian folklore, Vasnetsov has created many cloths on a theme of Russian history, national legends and bylinas. Some time Vasnetsov worked and for theatre creating various scenery and suits to plays and fairy tales which have rendered huge influence on development theatrically-декорационного arts of Russia. In the well-known products it aspired to transfer epic character руси, describing the sincere poetry, got by deeply national perception of native olden time. Its known works in this genre: After Igor Svjatoslavicha's slaughter with половцами, Alyonushka, Ivan-tsarevitch on the grey wolf, Bogatyrs, Tsar Ivan Vasilevich Groznyj and many other things works. Many these cloths have played a huge role in development of Russian national painting.
Vasilev Feodor Aleksandrovich (1850-1873) Creativity of this young artist lived a small, short life, has enriched Russian painting by many landscapes such as the Wet meadow, the Thawing weather, In the Crimean mountains. Vasilev could show in соих works the nature of a transitive condition from a bad weather to a solar condition. Vasilev had was possible to open in a landscape a condition of the sad nature displaying its true beauty, having forced contemporaries to admire with beauty of the nature up to village not виданной.
Ivan Ivanovich Shishkin (1832-1898) Unique master of wood landscapes. Shishkin as anybody another loved the nature of a wood with its picturesque shades of trunks of trees, bright glades shined by the sun and lightness. Shishkin's well-known pictures: Shishkin bears painting Morning in a pine forest the entertaining genre where black bear in woods painting, plot conceived by the artist in a picture, in many respects promoted its popularity, the Rye where from edge up to edge ears a gold rye protected by mighty pines giants, the Stream in a wood picture beautifully worked in details, with rich light shades contrasts, the Ship grove where the ship grove being near to Елабуги is represented афонасовская, in product воплощен all life experience and the most thin knowledge of the native nature which has been saved up by the master for a long creative life, its Many pictures have got huge popularity not only contemporaries, these pictures are known and today to the big circle of admirers of its works. Anybody earlier up to Shishkin with such stunning frankness has not told to the spectator about the love to the native Russian nature. I.I.Shishkin's products became classics of national Russian landscape painting and have found huge popularity.
Arhip Ivanovich Kuindgy (1841-1910) On its cloths pictures with picturesque colour of colours and light are represented. Rays of light making the way through a fog playing puddles on the become limp roads, skill of the artist in transfer of some picturesque receptions of a moonlight considerably underlines, mysterious light of the moon in dark night, brightly red reflected lights of a dawn on walls of the Ukrainian huts. Night of Kuindgy well-known picture, involves with quiet greatness of the nature, Dnepr in the morning, in a picture the plot of early steppe morning, the Birchwood is described - in this picture the artist has shown Russian nature in hitherto unprecedented reception of a writing of the pictures, an opening raised image of the landscape, sparkling unusual colour and contrast of pure paints. Kuindgy has found the unique, independent way in landscape art.
Isaac Levitan (1860-1900) Magnificent master of silent and quiet landscapes. Levitan very much loved the native nature, often it retired with it finding in it understanding of its beauty which were reflected in its landscapes. Levitan even in not so good weather it found the rare picturesque shades of Russian bad weather. Singing of the nature Top Volga it has shown the world its fine masterpieces: Gloomy day, After a rain, Above eternal rest, it is masterful the written evening landscapes: Evening on Volga, the Gold reach, Evening, the Silent monastery, the Evening ring. Levitan's pictures demand their close thoughtfulness it is impossible to consider quickly not having comprehended all plan of the artist.
Ilya Repin (1844-1930) Pictures of a brush of well known famous artist Ilya Repin differ the universality of directions in the fine arts. Repin has written a number of the monumental genre cloths which have received huge popularity at contemporaries, than has made strong impression upon the public. Travelling across Volga it has written many etudes which in a consequence used for a writing of the known picture Barge haulers on the volga by Repin, after this work stunning popularity has come. Also not small impression the picture has made Religious procession in Kursk province. In which basis simple people, church priests, police. On a cloth celebrating religious procession in which people is shown personifies a pain and not power to then Russia, force and authority of police. Repin has written also a number of works on a historical theme: Zaporozhye cossacks, composing the letter to the turkish sultan, Ivan Groznyj and its son Ivan, etc. Very fruitfully worked above portraits, most significant of them portraits of writers Portrait of Tolstoy, Turgenev, Garshin, Setchenov's scientists and Pirogov, composers Musorgsky and Glinka, artists Surikov and Kramskoj. Grandiose on scope and a composite plan a picture: Ceremonial meeting of the State advice, in a picture huge number of present political figures of that time, also in a picture is present and Nikolay II. in this uneasy work of Repin it was possible to describe the characteristic of each character psychologically plausibly. Ilya Repin has left a significant trace in history of Russian painting.
Surikov Vasily Ivanovich (1848-1916) Remarkable fine master art of colour paints and the picturesque receptions, very well known Russian life and customs of the last epoch. On a background of its pictures 3 its remarkable historical works in which it bright psychological characteristics are allocated has reflected: Boyarunya Morozova, Morning streletskoy executions, Menshikov in Berezov.
Valentine Aleksandrovich Serov (1865-1911) Very fashionable artist of time, basically the glory to it was brought with its portraits though it also wrote landscapes and pictures on historical plots, sometimes worked as the theatrical artist. Serov known patrons of art, one of well known pencil artists, actors and well known poets writers often posed. Its portraits were most of all appreciable: the Girl with peaches, a picture is fanned by children's perception of spirituality and the tenderness, captivated contemporaries pink - golden tones and lightness. The girl shined by the sun, in a picture plays the morning sun shined a glade, the young girl a radiating youth sitting in a shadow and beauty.
Famous pictures of Russian painting help all mankind to comprehend those representations about a life of those years and creativity of Russian artists which with greater work have created company of mobile art exhibitions. |
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